Unit1Howislanguagelearned?
PartOneListeningpractice SectionI Inthissection,youwillheareightshortconversations.Attheendofeach conversation,onequestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Aftereachquestion therewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthe fourchoicesmarkedA,
B,CandD.
1.A.Gotothecinema.
B.Attendameeting.
C.WatchTVathome.
D.Gototheconcert.
2.A.Yes,heis.
B.No,heisn’t.
C.Notsure.
D.Nooneknows.
3.A.Tellherwhattheproblemis.
B.Repairputerforher.
C.Payforher.
D.Sendsomeonetohelpher.
4.A.Openthewindow.
B.Gooutwiththewoman.
C.Findanotherroom.
D.Gotoseeadoctor.
5.A.Inashop.
B.Inarestaurant.
C.Inapostoffice.
D.Inalibrary.
6.A.Shestayedathome.
B.Shewenttoameeting.
C.Shewenttoseeadoctor.
D.Shewenttovisitafriend.
7.A.Waitthere.
B.Findaseat.
C.Leave.
D.Sitdown.
8.A.18. B.19. C.20. D.21. SectionII Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,somequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,
B,CandD. Conversation19.A.OnHillRoad.C.OnStationRoad.10.A.Swimming.C.Tennis.11.A.OnFriday.
B.OnThursday.
B.OnMillStreet.D.Neartheoldsportscentre.B.Basketball.D.Tabletennis.C.OnWednesday.D.OnSunday. 致用英语 综合教程同步训练1prehensiveEnglishcourse Conversation2 12.A.Attheairport.
C.Onthestreet. 13.A.Becauseithaslesstraffic.
C.Becausepeopletherearemorefriendly. 14.A.Pennsylvania.B.SanFrancisco. 15.A.Excellent. B.eptable.
B.Inarestaurant.
D.Atarailwaystation.
B.Becauseithasthebestfoodandmusic.
D.Becauseithaslesspollution.
C.Washington.
D.NewYork.
C.Strange.
D.Notgood. SectionIII Inthissection,youwillheartwoshortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,somequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Duringthepause,youmustanswereachquestionwithawordorashortphrase(notmorethanfivewords). Passage116.Whereisthespeakerlivingnow?
_________________________________________.17.Wheredoesthespeakerefrom?
_________________________________________.18.Whatisthespeaker?
_________________________________________. Passage219.Whatisthespeaker’snationality?
_________________________________________.20.Whatisthespeaker’supation?
_________________________________________. PartTwoText-basedpractice SectionIGrammarandreview
1.Writedownthepluralformofeachofthefollowingwords. 21.hero________ 22.roof________ 23.bamboo________ 24.goose________ 25.mouse________27.foot________29.mandoctor________ 1Howis languagelearned?
26.go-between________28.Chinese________30.passer-by________
2.Fillintheblankswiththewordsinthebox. bar can slice pair dozen cube drop basket stick roll 31.a33.a35.a37.a39.a ofglassesofbeerofmeatofeggsofsoap 32.a34.a36.a38.a40.a oficeofwaterofchalkofpaperoffruit
3.Choosethebestanswerpleteeachofthefollowingsentences. 41.Yourtrousers dirty.Youmusthave washed. A.is;it B.are;it C.is;them D.are;them 42.OnMondaymorningsometeachersexchangedafew . A.how-are-you B.how-are-yous C.ofhow-are-you’s D.ofhowareyou 43.Nocountrycanaffordtoneglect . A.aneducation B.educations C.education D.theeducation 44.Ihadmyhaircutatthe aroundthecorner. A.barber B.barbers C.barber’s D.barbers’ 45.Mostofthehousesinthevillagewereburntto duringthewar. A.anash B.theash C.ash D.ashes 46.Aftertenyears,alltheseyoungstersbecame . A.grow-ups B.growns-up 致用英语 综合教程同步训练1prehensiveEnglishcourse C.grown-up D.grown-ups 47.Ihavetwo andthreebottlesof here. A.orange;orange B.oranges;oranges C.oranges;orange D.orange;oranges 48.Anold wantstoseeyou. A.people B.person C.thepeople D.theperson 49.Maths noteasytolearn. A.are B.is C.was D.were 50.Therich notalwayshappierthanthepoor. A.are B.is C.have D.has SectionIIVocabularyandstructure
1.Fillintheblankswiththeproperformofthewordsinthebox. setasidesinkin approachbreakup sparerevise overloadgap receptiveconquer 51.She________herfearandpickeduptheenormousspider.52.Thescientistshavefoundanew________tocancertreatment.53.Canyou________mefiveminutes?
SoIcantalktoyouforashorttime.54.Thenewswassuchashock;itstillhasn’treally________yet.55.She________alittlemoneyeachweekforabirthdaypresent.56.Thefrostwill________thesoil.57.Don’t________theboatoritwillsink.58.Heisnotvery________tomysuggestions.59.Therearewide________inmyknowledgeofhistory.60.I’m________mynotesfortheexamonMonday. 1Howis languagelearned?
2.Fillintheblanksbyselectingthesuitablewordsinthebox. with from in to as who of not even it “Learningalanguageiseasy;61)________achildcandoit!
”Mostadultswhoarelearningasecondlanguagewoulddisagree62)________thisstatement.Forthem,learningalanguageisaverydifficulttask.Theyneedhundreds63)________studyandpractice,andeventhiswill64)________guaranteeessforeveryadultlanguagelearner.Languagelearningisdifferent65)________otherkindsoflearning.Somepeoplewhoareveryintelligentandessfulintheirfieldsfinditdifficulttoeed66)________languagelearning.Conversely,somepeoplewhoareessfullanguagelearnersfind67)________difficulttoeedinotherfields.Languageteachersoftenofferadvice68)________languagelearners:“Readasmuch69)________youcaninthenewlanguage.”“Practicespeakingthelanguageeveryday.”“Livewithpeople70)________speakthelanguage.”“Don’ttranslate—trytothinkinthenewlanguage.”“Learnasachildwouldlearn;playwiththelanguage.”Butwhatdoesaessfullanguagelearnerdo?
Languagelearningresearchshowsthatessfullanguagelearnersaresimilarinmanyways. SectionIIIprehension
1.Skimmingandscanning:Inthispart,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter. What’sthelanguageofthefuture?
A)AsEnglishtakesovertheworld,itissplinter-ing(分裂)andchanging—andsoon,wemaynotrecogniseitatall.NolanguagehasspreadaswidelyasEnglish,anditcontinuestospread.Internationallythedesiretolearnitisneversatisfied. B)Inthe21stcenturytheworldising moreurbanisedandtheadoptionofEnglishisasymptomofthis,forincreasinglyEnglishservesasthelinguafrancaofbusinessandpopularculture.Itisdominantoratleastveryprominentinotherareassuchasshipping,diplomacy,puting,medicineandeducation.Arecentstudyhassuggested 致用英语 综合教程同步训练1prehensiveEnglishcourse thatamongstudentsintheUnitedArabEmirates(阿联酋),“Arabicisassociatedwithtradition,home,religion,culture,school,artsandsocialsciences,”whereas“Englishissymbolicofmodernity,work,highereducation,merce,economics,scienceandtechnology.”InArabic-speakingcountries,sciencesubjectsareoftentaughtinEnglishbecauseexcellenttextbooksandothereducationalresourcesarereadilyavailableinEnglish.Thisisnotsomethingthateaboutinanunpurposedfashion;thepropagation(传播,普及)ofEnglishisanindustry,notahappyident.C)EnglishhasspreadbecauseofBritishcolonia-lism,thetechnologicaladvancesoftheIndustrialRevolution,Americaneconomicandpoliticaldomination,andfurthertechno-logicaldevelopmentsinthesecondhalfofthe20thcentury.ItsrisehasbeenassistedbythemassiveexportationofEnglishasasecondlanguage,aswellasbythegrowthoftheEnglish-languagemassmedia.D)Intheearlydecadesofthe20thcentury,
H.G.WellsimaginedwhatwouldeknownasWorldEnglishinhisprophetic(预言的)novelTheWorldSetFree.ThattermfortheconceptofEnglishasaninternationallanguage,aglobalsecondlanguage,anintellectualmerciallubricant(润滑剂),evenaninstrumentofforeignpolicyonthepartofthemajorEnglish-speaking nations,mononlyinthe1960s.E)AsEnglishcontinuestospread,itseems likeasteamroller(压路机),squashingwhatevergetsinitsway.True,itisoftenusedalongsidelocallanguagesanddoesnotinstantlyreplacethem.Yetitspresenceshiftstheculturalemphasesinthelivesofthosewhoadoptit,alteringtheiraspirationsandexpectations.Englishseems,increasingly,moreimportant.Itispossibletoimagineitmerelycoexistingwithotherlanguages,buteasytoseethatcoexistenceturningintotranscendence.AsEnglishimpinges(侵犯)onthespacesupiedbyotherlanguages,linguistsareincreasinglyfindingthattheyneedtobehavelikeenvironmentalists:Insteadofbeingscholarstheyhavetoeactivists.F)TodayitisEnglish,ratherthananycreatedalternative,thatistheworld’sauxiliarytongue.TherearemorepeoplewhouseEnglishasasecondlanguagethanitsnativespeakers.Estimatesofthenumbersvary,buteventhemostguardedviewisthatEnglishhas500millionsecondlanguagespeakers.Farmoreoftheworld’scitizensareeagerlyjumpingonboardthantryingtoresistitsprogress.G)Yet,therearechallengestothepositionofEnglishasthedominantworldlanguageinthe21stcentury.ThemainonesseemlikelyefromSpanishandMandarinChinese.Bothhavemorefirstlanguageusers thanEnglish.Thereisanargumentthattherevitalization(新生)ofminoritylanguagesisgoodforEnglish,becauseitweakensthelargerivalsofEnglishandthusremovesobstaclestothespreadofthelanguage.So,forinstance,theresurgence(复苏)ofCatalan,BasqueandGalicianweakensCastilianSpanish,whichisthestandardliteraryandofficialformofSpanish,makingitalesspowerfulrivaltoEnglish.ApologistsforEnglishinvertthisargument,claimingthattheadvanceofEnglishisgoodforminoritylanguages.Theinversionisspurious(具有欺骗性的).H)ThemainchallengestoEnglishefromwithin.Thereisalonghistoryofpeople’susingthelanguageforantiEnglishends—ofcreativeartistsandpoliticalfiguresassertinginEnglishtheirdistancefromEnglishnessorBritishnessorAmericanness.Forinstance,manywriterswhosefirstlanguagehasnotbeenEnglishhaveinfusedtheirEnglishwritingwithforeignflavors;thishasenabledthemtoparade(展示)theirheritagewhileworkinginamediumthathasmadeitpossibleforthemtoreachawideaudience.I)Atthesametime,nativespeakersofEnglishtendtoassumethattheirabilityinthispotentlanguagemakesitunimportanttolearnotherlanguages.Therealityisdifferent.paniesoftenmissoutonexportopportunitiesbecauseofalackofrelevantlanguageskills.Moreover,thereisachance 1Howis languagelearned?
thatmandofEnglishwillwithin20or30yearsberegardedasabasicskillforbusiness,andnativespeakersofthelanguagewillnolongerenjoypetitiveadvantage.Whenpolledin2005,morethan80percentofpeopleintheNetherlands,DenmarkandSwedenclaimedtobeabletospeakEnglish.Thefigurewasaround60percentinFinland,50percentinGermany,30percentinFranceandItaly,and20percentinSpainandTurkey.Thesefigurescansafelybeassumedtohaveincreased.In1989,CaptainSirRichardFrancis,statedthat“Britain’srealblackgoldisnotNorthSeaoil,buttheEnglishlanguage.”Thatviewisoftenplayeddown,buttheroleoftheBritishCouncilinpromotingBritishEnglishtiesinwithBritishcorporateinterests.paniessuchasBritishPetroleumhaveworkedwiththeBritishCouncil,fundingeducationalschemestoencourageforeignnationalstolearnEnglish.Thisisnotexactlyanactofaltruism(利他主义).AsRobertPhillipson,ResearchProfessoratCopenhagenBusinessSchool’sDepartmentofEnglish,says,“EnglishforbusinessisbusinessforEnglish.”ButwhileEnglishisbeingpushed,itisalsobeingpulled;itisthelanguage,morethananyotherthatpeoplewanttolearn.J)Theconsequencesplex.Some,itwouldseem,arenotasintended.Evenasvastamountsofeffortarespenton 致用英语 综合教程同步训练1prehensiveEnglishcourse spreadingBritishEnglish,therealityisthatEnglishistakingonmoreandmorelocalcolourindifferentplaceswhereit isused.ordingly,whilethenumberoflanguagesintheworldisdiminishing,thenumberofEnglishspeakersisincreasing. 71.Beforethe1960s,noonehadeverexpectedthatthenotionofEnglishasaninternationallanguagewouldepopularsosoon. 72.ThemajorchallengestothedominantpositionofefromSpanishandMandarinChinese. 73.TheadoptionofEnglishasagloballanguageinbusinessandpopularcultureindicatesthatinthe21stcenturytheworldisingmoreurbanised. 74.EventhoughvastamountsofeffortarespenttopromotethespreadforBritishEnglish,differentcoloursinEnglishstillexistasaresultoflocalinfluences. 75.AsEnglishgraduallytakesovertheworld,peoplewhofollowthetrendoutnumberthosewhotrytoresistit. 76.ThespreadofEnglishisawell-plannedindustryratherthananidentalphenomenon.77.Whilemaintainingtheirculturalheritage,manynon-nativeEnglishwritersuseEnglish asamediumtogetmorereaders.78.Manyfactors,suchascolonialism,scientificandtechnologicaladvances,andpolitical andeconomicdominance,havecontributedtothewidespreadoftheEnglishlanguage.79.BecauseofthegreatimpactEnglishexertsonotherlanguages,morelinguistsrealisethat theyshouldtakeactions,likeenvironmentalists,toprotectotherlanguages.80.AsusingEnglishisingabasicskillforinternationalbusiness,thelanguage advantagefornativespeakersofEnglishwillbegraduallylost.
2.Passages:Therearetwopassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,
B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceforeachquestion. Passage1WhenIwasin7thgrade,Ihadalotof troublereading.Mymotherusedtositbymyside,andexplaineachparagraphofeachschoolreadingassignmenttomebecauseIdidn’tunderstandwhatIwasreading.Shewouldhave toreadeachparagraphtome,andthenaftereachparagraph,shesummarizedwhatwejustread. Inclass,ItriedtohidethefactthatIcouldn’tread.Myteachergaveusthelast10 minutesofclasstostartourreadinghomework,andIwouldsitthereforthelast10minutesofclassstaringatthepage,pretendingIwasreadingit.IhadtowaituntilIgothomesomymothercouldexplainittome.HowdidIevergetintoCornellUniversity?
By8thgradeIstartedunderstandingalittleonmyown,butIwasreadingatanincrediblyslowrate.In8thgrade,IgotholdofallthespeedreadingbooksIcouldgetmyhandson.Ireadthemallveryslowlyatthetime.Ievenwentoutandtookacourseonspeedreading.ThenIdevelopedmyownsystemwhichwaseasierandproducedquickerresults.Istartedpracticingthese 1Howis languagelearned?
techniqueseveryday,andasIstartedtoreadfaster,myunderstandingincreased.IfoundthatIpeddaydreamingandthinkingaboutotherthingswhileIwasreading,andstartedgettingthelargermeaning.Iwasreadingfasterprehendingbetter. Ifoundthatwhenyoureadslowly,wordbyword,yougetlostinthewords,losethebiggerpicture,andprehensiondrops.Whenyoureadfaster,yourconcentrationactuallyincreasesandprehensiongoesupbecauseinsteadofgettinglostinthewords,youseetheoverallpicture. 81.Themaindifficultythewriterhadinreadinginher7thgradewasthat_________.A.sheoftenotherschoolreadingassignmentsB.shehaddifficultyreadingprehensionC.shehadapoorvocabularyandverybadgrammarD.shealwayslookedelsewherewhenaskedtoread 82.Thewriterwouldpretendtobereadinginthelast10minutesofclassbecause_________.A.shewasafraidofbeingfoundoutB.thereadingclasswasterribleC.shehadtodowhatothersweredoingD.hermothertoldhertodoso 83.Thewriter’sreadingabilityimprovedagreatdealmainlybecause_______.A.sheenteredCornellUniversityB.shetookacourseonspeedreadingC.hermothermanagedtohelpheroutD.shedevelopedherownwayofreading 84.Fromherownexperience,thewriterfoundthat_________.A.one’prehensiondropsifonereadstooslowlyB.inordertounderstandbetter,onehastoreadslowlyC.onetendstoneglectthedetailedinformationifonereadsfast 致用英语 综合教程同步训练1prehensiveEnglishcourse D.manypeoplereadfastinordertosavetime85.Afterreadingthepassage,wecanconcludethatthewriterwrotethepassageinorderto _________.A.convincethereadersoftheimportanceofhighereducationB.tellastoryinhonorofhermotherC.giveadetaileddescriptionofdifferentreadingskillsD.illustratethenecessityoffastreading Passage2Learningaforeignlanguageisnota matterofreadingsomegrammarrulesandmemorisingsomevocabularywords—althoughthoseareimportantactivitiesnottobeignored.Acquiringalanguageislearningaskill,notabodyofinformation.It’sasmuchlikelearningtoswimorrideabikeasitislikelearningabouttheSecondWorldWar.Thatis,youmustnotonlyunderstandtheideasandconcepts,haveinformationathand,butalsomakeyourbodyustomedtousingthatinformationinphysicalactivity:inthiscasethephysicalactivityinvolvedisspeaking,listening,writingandreading. Youneed,then,notonlytomemoriseandunderstand,butalsotopractise!
Hereareafewbriefsuggestionsoneffectivepractice/studytechniques.
1.Makeyourmouthorhanddowhatyourmindislearning.Studyoutloud.Dogotothelabandworkonthetapes.Studywithafriend, thusinvolvingyourselfinspeakingandlistening.Trytowritesentencesorashortparagraphusingtheskillsyouhavepractisedorally.
2.Studyday-by-day.Youcannotgetbyinaforeignlanguagecoursebycramming(临时抱佛脚)atthelastminute.Youmaybeableto“learn”vocabularyitemsthatway,butyoucannotteachyourmouthtousetheminsentences. 3.asionallygobackandreview“old”icsandvocabulary.Languagelearningiscumulative(累积的).Youlearnnewskillsonthebasisofoldones.Themoreyou“recycle”familiarinformationandskills,thebetteryouwillbeabletoabsorbnewones.
4.Don’tbeafraidtomakemistakes.Self-consciousness(害羞)canbeamightyobstacle(障碍)tolearningalanguage.Perhapspartofthereasonsmallchildrenreadilyacquirelanguagesisthattheyarenotafraidofmakingmistakes. 86.Thefirstparagraphofthepassagehasbeenwrittentoemphasisethat_________.A.memorisingvocabularyisnecessaryinlanguagelearningB.learningtoswimisquitesimilartolearningabouttheSecondWorldWarC.understandingtheideasandconceptsismoreimportantthananythingelse 10 1Howis languagelearned?
D.languagelearningisaprocessofacquiringdifferentlanguageskills87.Oneoftheadvantagesofstudyingwithafriendisthat_________. A.itmakesonetalkinaparticularlanguageB.itstrengthensthefriendshipbetweenthetwofriendsC.friendscansharetapesorotherlearningmaterialsD.onestudiesbetterinafriendlyatmosphere88.Crammingshouldbeavoidedwhilelearningalanguagebecause_________.A.itisoflittleusetostudywithoutaclearpurposeB.nothingcanbelearntthroughcrammingC.anythinglearntthatwaycanhardlybeputintouseD.onemaynotfindenoughtimetouseatthelastminute89.Thepurposeofreviewingicsisto_________.A.buildupagoodfoundationfornewskillsB.appreciatethegoodideascontainedinthemC.throwawaytheold,uselessinformationD.avoidmakingmistakesinthefuture90.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?
A.Whychildrenarecapableoflearningalanguagebetterthangrown-ups?
B.AfewbriefsuggestionsonstudyingaforeignlanguageC.Whylearningaforeignlanguageismoredifficultthananythingelse?
D.Anintroductiontolanguageteachingandlearning SectionIVTranslation
1.CompletethefollowingsentenceswiththehelpoftheChinesehints.91.Hepreferstogoonfoot__________________________________(而不愿坐公共汽车).92.Askingquestions_____________________________________(并不意味着你不同意该陈述);itsimplymeansyouarecurious.93._____________________________________(除非发生奇迹),hewillnotbebackintime.94.Igotthenewsthat_____________________________________(他们成功地解决了那个问题).95._____________________________________(只有这样你才能取得进步)inyourEnglish. 11 致用英语 综合教程同步训练1prehensiveEnglishcourse
2.PutthefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.96.语言学习成功与否最终取决于你为之付出的努力。
_______________________________________________________________________97.必要时你还是需要寻求他人的建议。
_______________________________________________________________________98.很多语言学习者把自己的失败归咎于教师、环境或者教材。
_______________________________________________________________________99.想要精通一门语言，你一定要积极参与其中。
_______________________________________________________________________100.你需要和这门语言密切接触，明白它的规则。
_______________________________________________________________________
3.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.掌握一门语言的方法就是要尽量多地说。
一位伟人说过，反复操练是必要的。
你越 多地将所学到的语言知识运用到实际生活中，语言表达就会变得越自然。
要运用一切感官学习英语。
你必须听英语、读英语、触摸英语、闻英语，还要尝尝英语的味道。
用心去感受英语。
让自己沉浸在这门语言中。
SectionVWriting Inthissection,youarerequiredtowriteapositionentitled“HowdoIplanmydailyactivities?
”.Completetheparagraphwith5-6sentences.Youmayusethewordsandphrasesgivenbelow. goalfactor makealistofenable determinebeawareof setasideupy 12
PartOneListeningpractice SectionI Inthissection,youwillheareightshortconversations.Attheendofeach conversation,onequestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Aftereachquestion therewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthe fourchoicesmarkedA,
B,CandD.
1.A.Gotothecinema.
B.Attendameeting.
C.WatchTVathome.
D.Gototheconcert.
2.A.Yes,heis.
B.No,heisn’t.
C.Notsure.
D.Nooneknows.
3.A.Tellherwhattheproblemis.
B.Repairputerforher.
C.Payforher.
D.Sendsomeonetohelpher.
4.A.Openthewindow.
B.Gooutwiththewoman.
C.Findanotherroom.
D.Gotoseeadoctor.
5.A.Inashop.
B.Inarestaurant.
C.Inapostoffice.
D.Inalibrary.
6.A.Shestayedathome.
B.Shewenttoameeting.
C.Shewenttoseeadoctor.
D.Shewenttovisitafriend.
7.A.Waitthere.
B.Findaseat.
C.Leave.
D.Sitdown.
8.A.18. B.19. C.20. D.21. SectionII Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,somequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,
B,CandD. Conversation19.A.OnHillRoad.C.OnStationRoad.10.A.Swimming.C.Tennis.11.A.OnFriday.
B.OnThursday.
B.OnMillStreet.D.Neartheoldsportscentre.B.Basketball.D.Tabletennis.C.OnWednesday.D.OnSunday. 致用英语 综合教程同步训练1prehensiveEnglishcourse Conversation2 12.A.Attheairport.
C.Onthestreet. 13.A.Becauseithaslesstraffic.
C.Becausepeopletherearemorefriendly. 14.A.Pennsylvania.B.SanFrancisco. 15.A.Excellent. B.eptable.
B.Inarestaurant.
D.Atarailwaystation.
B.Becauseithasthebestfoodandmusic.
D.Becauseithaslesspollution.
C.Washington.
D.NewYork.
C.Strange.
D.Notgood. SectionIII Inthissection,youwillheartwoshortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,somequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Duringthepause,youmustanswereachquestionwithawordorashortphrase(notmorethanfivewords). Passage116.Whereisthespeakerlivingnow?
_________________________________________.17.Wheredoesthespeakerefrom?
_________________________________________.18.Whatisthespeaker?
_________________________________________. Passage219.Whatisthespeaker’snationality?
_________________________________________.20.Whatisthespeaker’supation?
_________________________________________. PartTwoText-basedpractice SectionIGrammarandreview
1.Writedownthepluralformofeachofthefollowingwords. 21.hero________ 22.roof________ 23.bamboo________ 24.goose________ 25.mouse________27.foot________29.mandoctor________ 1Howis languagelearned?
26.go-between________28.Chinese________30.passer-by________
2.Fillintheblankswiththewordsinthebox. bar can slice pair dozen cube drop basket stick roll 31.a33.a35.a37.a39.a ofglassesofbeerofmeatofeggsofsoap 32.a34.a36.a38.a40.a oficeofwaterofchalkofpaperoffruit
3.Choosethebestanswerpleteeachofthefollowingsentences. 41.Yourtrousers dirty.Youmusthave washed. A.is;it B.are;it C.is;them D.are;them 42.OnMondaymorningsometeachersexchangedafew . A.how-are-you B.how-are-yous C.ofhow-are-you’s D.ofhowareyou 43.Nocountrycanaffordtoneglect . A.aneducation B.educations C.education D.theeducation 44.Ihadmyhaircutatthe aroundthecorner. A.barber B.barbers C.barber’s D.barbers’ 45.Mostofthehousesinthevillagewereburntto duringthewar. A.anash B.theash C.ash D.ashes 46.Aftertenyears,alltheseyoungstersbecame . A.grow-ups B.growns-up 致用英语 综合教程同步训练1prehensiveEnglishcourse C.grown-up D.grown-ups 47.Ihavetwo andthreebottlesof here. A.orange;orange B.oranges;oranges C.oranges;orange D.orange;oranges 48.Anold wantstoseeyou. A.people B.person C.thepeople D.theperson 49.Maths noteasytolearn. A.are B.is C.was D.were 50.Therich notalwayshappierthanthepoor. A.are B.is C.have D.has SectionIIVocabularyandstructure
1.Fillintheblankswiththeproperformofthewordsinthebox. setasidesinkin approachbreakup sparerevise overloadgap receptiveconquer 51.She________herfearandpickeduptheenormousspider.52.Thescientistshavefoundanew________tocancertreatment.53.Canyou________mefiveminutes?
SoIcantalktoyouforashorttime.54.Thenewswassuchashock;itstillhasn’treally________yet.55.She________alittlemoneyeachweekforabirthdaypresent.56.Thefrostwill________thesoil.57.Don’t________theboatoritwillsink.58.Heisnotvery________tomysuggestions.59.Therearewide________inmyknowledgeofhistory.60.I’m________mynotesfortheexamonMonday. 1Howis languagelearned?
2.Fillintheblanksbyselectingthesuitablewordsinthebox. with from in to as who of not even it “Learningalanguageiseasy;61)________achildcandoit!
”Mostadultswhoarelearningasecondlanguagewoulddisagree62)________thisstatement.Forthem,learningalanguageisaverydifficulttask.Theyneedhundreds63)________studyandpractice,andeventhiswill64)________guaranteeessforeveryadultlanguagelearner.Languagelearningisdifferent65)________otherkindsoflearning.Somepeoplewhoareveryintelligentandessfulintheirfieldsfinditdifficulttoeed66)________languagelearning.Conversely,somepeoplewhoareessfullanguagelearnersfind67)________difficulttoeedinotherfields.Languageteachersoftenofferadvice68)________languagelearners:“Readasmuch69)________youcaninthenewlanguage.”“Practicespeakingthelanguageeveryday.”“Livewithpeople70)________speakthelanguage.”“Don’ttranslate—trytothinkinthenewlanguage.”“Learnasachildwouldlearn;playwiththelanguage.”Butwhatdoesaessfullanguagelearnerdo?
Languagelearningresearchshowsthatessfullanguagelearnersaresimilarinmanyways. SectionIIIprehension
1.Skimmingandscanning:Inthispart,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter. What’sthelanguageofthefuture?
A)AsEnglishtakesovertheworld,itissplinter-ing(分裂)andchanging—andsoon,wemaynotrecogniseitatall.NolanguagehasspreadaswidelyasEnglish,anditcontinuestospread.Internationallythedesiretolearnitisneversatisfied. B)Inthe21stcenturytheworldising moreurbanisedandtheadoptionofEnglishisasymptomofthis,forincreasinglyEnglishservesasthelinguafrancaofbusinessandpopularculture.Itisdominantoratleastveryprominentinotherareassuchasshipping,diplomacy,puting,medicineandeducation.Arecentstudyhassuggested 致用英语 综合教程同步训练1prehensiveEnglishcourse thatamongstudentsintheUnitedArabEmirates(阿联酋),“Arabicisassociatedwithtradition,home,religion,culture,school,artsandsocialsciences,”whereas“Englishissymbolicofmodernity,work,highereducation,merce,economics,scienceandtechnology.”InArabic-speakingcountries,sciencesubjectsareoftentaughtinEnglishbecauseexcellenttextbooksandothereducationalresourcesarereadilyavailableinEnglish.Thisisnotsomethingthateaboutinanunpurposedfashion;thepropagation(传播,普及)ofEnglishisanindustry,notahappyident.C)EnglishhasspreadbecauseofBritishcolonia-lism,thetechnologicaladvancesoftheIndustrialRevolution,Americaneconomicandpoliticaldomination,andfurthertechno-logicaldevelopmentsinthesecondhalfofthe20thcentury.ItsrisehasbeenassistedbythemassiveexportationofEnglishasasecondlanguage,aswellasbythegrowthoftheEnglish-languagemassmedia.D)Intheearlydecadesofthe20thcentury,
H.G.WellsimaginedwhatwouldeknownasWorldEnglishinhisprophetic(预言的)novelTheWorldSetFree.ThattermfortheconceptofEnglishasaninternationallanguage,aglobalsecondlanguage,anintellectualmerciallubricant(润滑剂),evenaninstrumentofforeignpolicyonthepartofthemajorEnglish-speaking nations,mononlyinthe1960s.E)AsEnglishcontinuestospread,itseems likeasteamroller(压路机),squashingwhatevergetsinitsway.True,itisoftenusedalongsidelocallanguagesanddoesnotinstantlyreplacethem.Yetitspresenceshiftstheculturalemphasesinthelivesofthosewhoadoptit,alteringtheiraspirationsandexpectations.Englishseems,increasingly,moreimportant.Itispossibletoimagineitmerelycoexistingwithotherlanguages,buteasytoseethatcoexistenceturningintotranscendence.AsEnglishimpinges(侵犯)onthespacesupiedbyotherlanguages,linguistsareincreasinglyfindingthattheyneedtobehavelikeenvironmentalists:Insteadofbeingscholarstheyhavetoeactivists.F)TodayitisEnglish,ratherthananycreatedalternative,thatistheworld’sauxiliarytongue.TherearemorepeoplewhouseEnglishasasecondlanguagethanitsnativespeakers.Estimatesofthenumbersvary,buteventhemostguardedviewisthatEnglishhas500millionsecondlanguagespeakers.Farmoreoftheworld’scitizensareeagerlyjumpingonboardthantryingtoresistitsprogress.G)Yet,therearechallengestothepositionofEnglishasthedominantworldlanguageinthe21stcentury.ThemainonesseemlikelyefromSpanishandMandarinChinese.Bothhavemorefirstlanguageusers thanEnglish.Thereisanargumentthattherevitalization(新生)ofminoritylanguagesisgoodforEnglish,becauseitweakensthelargerivalsofEnglishandthusremovesobstaclestothespreadofthelanguage.So,forinstance,theresurgence(复苏)ofCatalan,BasqueandGalicianweakensCastilianSpanish,whichisthestandardliteraryandofficialformofSpanish,makingitalesspowerfulrivaltoEnglish.ApologistsforEnglishinvertthisargument,claimingthattheadvanceofEnglishisgoodforminoritylanguages.Theinversionisspurious(具有欺骗性的).H)ThemainchallengestoEnglishefromwithin.Thereisalonghistoryofpeople’susingthelanguageforantiEnglishends—ofcreativeartistsandpoliticalfiguresassertinginEnglishtheirdistancefromEnglishnessorBritishnessorAmericanness.Forinstance,manywriterswhosefirstlanguagehasnotbeenEnglishhaveinfusedtheirEnglishwritingwithforeignflavors;thishasenabledthemtoparade(展示)theirheritagewhileworkinginamediumthathasmadeitpossibleforthemtoreachawideaudience.I)Atthesametime,nativespeakersofEnglishtendtoassumethattheirabilityinthispotentlanguagemakesitunimportanttolearnotherlanguages.Therealityisdifferent.paniesoftenmissoutonexportopportunitiesbecauseofalackofrelevantlanguageskills.Moreover,thereisachance 1Howis languagelearned?
thatmandofEnglishwillwithin20or30yearsberegardedasabasicskillforbusiness,andnativespeakersofthelanguagewillnolongerenjoypetitiveadvantage.Whenpolledin2005,morethan80percentofpeopleintheNetherlands,DenmarkandSwedenclaimedtobeabletospeakEnglish.Thefigurewasaround60percentinFinland,50percentinGermany,30percentinFranceandItaly,and20percentinSpainandTurkey.Thesefigurescansafelybeassumedtohaveincreased.In1989,CaptainSirRichardFrancis,statedthat“Britain’srealblackgoldisnotNorthSeaoil,buttheEnglishlanguage.”Thatviewisoftenplayeddown,buttheroleoftheBritishCouncilinpromotingBritishEnglishtiesinwithBritishcorporateinterests.paniessuchasBritishPetroleumhaveworkedwiththeBritishCouncil,fundingeducationalschemestoencourageforeignnationalstolearnEnglish.Thisisnotexactlyanactofaltruism(利他主义).AsRobertPhillipson,ResearchProfessoratCopenhagenBusinessSchool’sDepartmentofEnglish,says,“EnglishforbusinessisbusinessforEnglish.”ButwhileEnglishisbeingpushed,itisalsobeingpulled;itisthelanguage,morethananyotherthatpeoplewanttolearn.J)Theconsequencesplex.Some,itwouldseem,arenotasintended.Evenasvastamountsofeffortarespenton 致用英语 综合教程同步训练1prehensiveEnglishcourse spreadingBritishEnglish,therealityisthatEnglishistakingonmoreandmorelocalcolourindifferentplaceswhereit isused.ordingly,whilethenumberoflanguagesintheworldisdiminishing,thenumberofEnglishspeakersisincreasing. 71.Beforethe1960s,noonehadeverexpectedthatthenotionofEnglishasaninternationallanguagewouldepopularsosoon. 72.ThemajorchallengestothedominantpositionofefromSpanishandMandarinChinese. 73.TheadoptionofEnglishasagloballanguageinbusinessandpopularcultureindicatesthatinthe21stcenturytheworldisingmoreurbanised. 74.EventhoughvastamountsofeffortarespenttopromotethespreadforBritishEnglish,differentcoloursinEnglishstillexistasaresultoflocalinfluences. 75.AsEnglishgraduallytakesovertheworld,peoplewhofollowthetrendoutnumberthosewhotrytoresistit. 76.ThespreadofEnglishisawell-plannedindustryratherthananidentalphenomenon.77.Whilemaintainingtheirculturalheritage,manynon-nativeEnglishwritersuseEnglish asamediumtogetmorereaders.78.Manyfactors,suchascolonialism,scientificandtechnologicaladvances,andpolitical andeconomicdominance,havecontributedtothewidespreadoftheEnglishlanguage.79.BecauseofthegreatimpactEnglishexertsonotherlanguages,morelinguistsrealisethat theyshouldtakeactions,likeenvironmentalists,toprotectotherlanguages.80.AsusingEnglishisingabasicskillforinternationalbusiness,thelanguage advantagefornativespeakersofEnglishwillbegraduallylost.
2.Passages:Therearetwopassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,
B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceforeachquestion. Passage1WhenIwasin7thgrade,Ihadalotof troublereading.Mymotherusedtositbymyside,andexplaineachparagraphofeachschoolreadingassignmenttomebecauseIdidn’tunderstandwhatIwasreading.Shewouldhave toreadeachparagraphtome,andthenaftereachparagraph,shesummarizedwhatwejustread. Inclass,ItriedtohidethefactthatIcouldn’tread.Myteachergaveusthelast10 minutesofclasstostartourreadinghomework,andIwouldsitthereforthelast10minutesofclassstaringatthepage,pretendingIwasreadingit.IhadtowaituntilIgothomesomymothercouldexplainittome.HowdidIevergetintoCornellUniversity?
By8thgradeIstartedunderstandingalittleonmyown,butIwasreadingatanincrediblyslowrate.In8thgrade,IgotholdofallthespeedreadingbooksIcouldgetmyhandson.Ireadthemallveryslowlyatthetime.Ievenwentoutandtookacourseonspeedreading.ThenIdevelopedmyownsystemwhichwaseasierandproducedquickerresults.Istartedpracticingthese 1Howis languagelearned?
techniqueseveryday,andasIstartedtoreadfaster,myunderstandingincreased.IfoundthatIpeddaydreamingandthinkingaboutotherthingswhileIwasreading,andstartedgettingthelargermeaning.Iwasreadingfasterprehendingbetter. Ifoundthatwhenyoureadslowly,wordbyword,yougetlostinthewords,losethebiggerpicture,andprehensiondrops.Whenyoureadfaster,yourconcentrationactuallyincreasesandprehensiongoesupbecauseinsteadofgettinglostinthewords,youseetheoverallpicture. 81.Themaindifficultythewriterhadinreadinginher7thgradewasthat_________.A.sheoftenotherschoolreadingassignmentsB.shehaddifficultyreadingprehensionC.shehadapoorvocabularyandverybadgrammarD.shealwayslookedelsewherewhenaskedtoread 82.Thewriterwouldpretendtobereadinginthelast10minutesofclassbecause_________.A.shewasafraidofbeingfoundoutB.thereadingclasswasterribleC.shehadtodowhatothersweredoingD.hermothertoldhertodoso 83.Thewriter’sreadingabilityimprovedagreatdealmainlybecause_______.A.sheenteredCornellUniversityB.shetookacourseonspeedreadingC.hermothermanagedtohelpheroutD.shedevelopedherownwayofreading 84.Fromherownexperience,thewriterfoundthat_________.A.one’prehensiondropsifonereadstooslowlyB.inordertounderstandbetter,onehastoreadslowlyC.onetendstoneglectthedetailedinformationifonereadsfast 致用英语 综合教程同步训练1prehensiveEnglishcourse D.manypeoplereadfastinordertosavetime85.Afterreadingthepassage,wecanconcludethatthewriterwrotethepassageinorderto _________.A.convincethereadersoftheimportanceofhighereducationB.tellastoryinhonorofhermotherC.giveadetaileddescriptionofdifferentreadingskillsD.illustratethenecessityoffastreading Passage2Learningaforeignlanguageisnota matterofreadingsomegrammarrulesandmemorisingsomevocabularywords—althoughthoseareimportantactivitiesnottobeignored.Acquiringalanguageislearningaskill,notabodyofinformation.It’sasmuchlikelearningtoswimorrideabikeasitislikelearningabouttheSecondWorldWar.Thatis,youmustnotonlyunderstandtheideasandconcepts,haveinformationathand,butalsomakeyourbodyustomedtousingthatinformationinphysicalactivity:inthiscasethephysicalactivityinvolvedisspeaking,listening,writingandreading. Youneed,then,notonlytomemoriseandunderstand,butalsotopractise!
Hereareafewbriefsuggestionsoneffectivepractice/studytechniques.
1.Makeyourmouthorhanddowhatyourmindislearning.Studyoutloud.Dogotothelabandworkonthetapes.Studywithafriend, thusinvolvingyourselfinspeakingandlistening.Trytowritesentencesorashortparagraphusingtheskillsyouhavepractisedorally.
2.Studyday-by-day.Youcannotgetbyinaforeignlanguagecoursebycramming(临时抱佛脚)atthelastminute.Youmaybeableto“learn”vocabularyitemsthatway,butyoucannotteachyourmouthtousetheminsentences. 3.asionallygobackandreview“old”icsandvocabulary.Languagelearningiscumulative(累积的).Youlearnnewskillsonthebasisofoldones.Themoreyou“recycle”familiarinformationandskills,thebetteryouwillbeabletoabsorbnewones.
4.Don’tbeafraidtomakemistakes.Self-consciousness(害羞)canbeamightyobstacle(障碍)tolearningalanguage.Perhapspartofthereasonsmallchildrenreadilyacquirelanguagesisthattheyarenotafraidofmakingmistakes. 86.Thefirstparagraphofthepassagehasbeenwrittentoemphasisethat_________.A.memorisingvocabularyisnecessaryinlanguagelearningB.learningtoswimisquitesimilartolearningabouttheSecondWorldWarC.understandingtheideasandconceptsismoreimportantthananythingelse 10 1Howis languagelearned?
D.languagelearningisaprocessofacquiringdifferentlanguageskills87.Oneoftheadvantagesofstudyingwithafriendisthat_________. A.itmakesonetalkinaparticularlanguageB.itstrengthensthefriendshipbetweenthetwofriendsC.friendscansharetapesorotherlearningmaterialsD.onestudiesbetterinafriendlyatmosphere88.Crammingshouldbeavoidedwhilelearningalanguagebecause_________.A.itisoflittleusetostudywithoutaclearpurposeB.nothingcanbelearntthroughcrammingC.anythinglearntthatwaycanhardlybeputintouseD.onemaynotfindenoughtimetouseatthelastminute89.Thepurposeofreviewingicsisto_________.A.buildupagoodfoundationfornewskillsB.appreciatethegoodideascontainedinthemC.throwawaytheold,uselessinformationD.avoidmakingmistakesinthefuture90.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?
A.Whychildrenarecapableoflearningalanguagebetterthangrown-ups?
B.AfewbriefsuggestionsonstudyingaforeignlanguageC.Whylearningaforeignlanguageismoredifficultthananythingelse?
D.Anintroductiontolanguageteachingandlearning SectionIVTranslation
1.CompletethefollowingsentenceswiththehelpoftheChinesehints.91.Hepreferstogoonfoot__________________________________(而不愿坐公共汽车).92.Askingquestions_____________________________________(并不意味着你不同意该陈述);itsimplymeansyouarecurious.93._____________________________________(除非发生奇迹),hewillnotbebackintime.94.Igotthenewsthat_____________________________________(他们成功地解决了那个问题).95._____________________________________(只有这样你才能取得进步)inyourEnglish. 11 致用英语 综合教程同步训练1prehensiveEnglishcourse
2.PutthefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.96.语言学习成功与否最终取决于你为之付出的努力。
_______________________________________________________________________97.必要时你还是需要寻求他人的建议。
_______________________________________________________________________98.很多语言学习者把自己的失败归咎于教师、环境或者教材。
_______________________________________________________________________99.想要精通一门语言，你一定要积极参与其中。
_______________________________________________________________________100.你需要和这门语言密切接触，明白它的规则。
_______________________________________________________________________
3.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.掌握一门语言的方法就是要尽量多地说。
一位伟人说过，反复操练是必要的。
你越 多地将所学到的语言知识运用到实际生活中，语言表达就会变得越自然。
要运用一切感官学习英语。
你必须听英语、读英语、触摸英语、闻英语，还要尝尝英语的味道。
用心去感受英语。
让自己沉浸在这门语言中。
SectionVWriting Inthissection,youarerequiredtowriteapositionentitled“HowdoIplanmydailyactivities?
”.Completetheparagraphwith5-6sentences.Youmayusethewordsandphrasesgivenbelow. goalfactor makealistofenable determinebeawareof setasideupy 12
声明：
该资讯来自于互联网网友发布，如有侵犯您的权益请联系我们。